Switzerland
What the source says
Referenced, awaiting primary-source reviewAdopted 1840; formally defined 1889. [Per the Swiss Federal Council, 1889:] our heraldic cross is [...] the Christian cross symbol and the field sign of the Old Confederacy. The only other square national flag is the flag of Vatican City.
Referenced, not verified: a secondary work states this, and the document that constitutes the flag has not been read for this entry. What the marks mean.
Colors and meaning
Symbolism and history(r1)
A bold white cross with arms of equal length centers a square red field; the Swiss Federal Council in 1889 called the cross both the Christian cross symbol and the field sign of the Old Confederacy. It is one of only two square national flags, the other being Vatican City's.
Most similar flags
The 6 closest of the 194 other national flags, ranked by a similarity index computed from the flag images themselves. The number is that index, 0–100 — not a claim that the two flags are “X% identical”.
- Tunisia96
near-identical colour proportions.
- Tonga93
near-identical colour proportions.
- Türkiye93
near-identical colour proportions.
- Denmark90
near-identical colour proportions.
- Kyrgyzstan89
near-identical colour proportions.
- Albania88
near-identical colour proportions.
Computed at build time: each flag is rasterised to 64x48, and the score is 0.55 × colour overlap + 0.45 × structure. A different weighting would rank these differently. How the index works.
References — not verification
(r1) Referenced to Flag of Switzerland (Wikipedia (English)) on 2026-07-17. States the adoption year, which colors the flag has, what the colors mean and the symbolism and history on this page. The passage it states them in is quoted at the top of this entry.
Further reading: Flag of Switzerland on Wikipedia